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Lycopene and the lung.

Lenore Arab1, Susan Steck-Scott, Aaron T Fleishauer

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Suite 2105E, Mcgavren Greenberg Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USA. lenore@unc.edu

Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
|November 9, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Supplemental carotenoid-rich vegetable juice reduced ozone-induced lung damage in healthy adults. Lycopene levels increased, and DNA damage decreased, suggesting antioxidant protection for the lungs.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • The human lung is susceptible to oxidative damage from environmental exposures like ozone.
  • Dietary antioxidants, particularly carotenoids, may offer protection against lung injury.
  • Lycopene is a key carotenoid found in tomatoes and V-8 juice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of carotenoid-rich vegetable juice supplementation on lung function and ozone-induced lung damage.
  • To assess changes in lung carotenoid levels and DNA damage following supplementation.
  • To review epidemiologic literature on lycopene, tomatoes, and lung cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized clinical trial involving healthy adults exposed to ozone after 2 weeks of V-8 juice or placebo supplementation.
  • Measurement of lung carotenoid concentrations and DNA damage using the Comet Assay.
  • Systematic review of observational studies on lycopene/tomato consumption and lung cancer risk.

Main Results:

  • Supplemented subjects showed a 12% increase in lung lycopene and a 20% decrease in lung epithelial cell DNA damage.
  • No significant changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA damage were observed.
  • Epidemiologic review indicated a decreased lung cancer risk in case-control studies with higher lycopene/tomato intake, but not in cohort studies.

Conclusions:

  • Carotenoid-rich vegetable juice supplementation may mitigate ozone-induced lung damage.
  • Lycopene's presence in the lung and potential protective role warrants further investigation.
  • The association between lycopene/tomato consumption and lung cancer risk may depend on study design.

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