Ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy

A 46-year-old man with a history of metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder received treatment with ifosfamide/mesna. He had reversible encephalopathy after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Adequate clinical response was achieved, with an obvious decrease in tumor size. Subsequently, an identical treatment was given without adverse central nervous system effects. Few data exist about retreatment with intravenous ifosfamide/mesna after induced encephalopathy, but this case suggests that this adverse effect may not recur in some patients.