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Related Experiment Videos

Chemical modification of chlorinated microbial polyesters.

Ali Hakan Arkin1, Baki Hazer

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey.

Biomacromolecules
|November 12, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Chlorination of microbial polyesters poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) (PHO) modified their molecular weights and thermal properties. These chlorinated polymers (PHA-Cl) were further converted into various derivatives like quaternary ammonium salts and cross-linked structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Microbial polyesters like poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) (PHO) are biodegradable polymers.
  • Modification of these polymers can enhance their properties and expand their applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chlorination of PHB and PHO.
  • To characterize the resulting chlorinated polymers (PHB-Cl, PHO-Cl).
  • To explore further chemical modifications of chlorinated poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHA-Cl).

Main Methods:

  • Chlorination of PHB and PHO solutions using chlorine gas.
  • Molecular weight determination using gel permeation chromatography.
  • Thermal analysis using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

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  • Spectroscopic characterization using (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
  • Chemical derivatization reactions.

    • Main Results:

    • Chlorinated PHB (PHB-Cl) contained 5.45–23.81 wt% chlorine; chlorinated PHO (PHO-Cl) contained 28.09–39.09 wt% chlorine.
    • Molecular weights were reduced to one-half or one-fourth of original values due to hydrolysis.
    • PHO-Cl showed increased glass transition (T(g) = 2°C) and melting transition (T(m)).
    • PHB-Cl exhibited T(g) from -20 to 10°C and a decreased T(m) to 148°C.
    • PHA-Cl was successfully converted into quaternary ammonium salts, sodium sulfate salts, phenyl derivatives, and cross-linked polymers.

    Conclusions:

    • Chlorination significantly alters the molecular weight and thermal properties of PHB and PHO.
    • The chlorinated polymers serve as versatile intermediates for synthesizing novel functionalized poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) derivatives.
    • These modifications open pathways for developing new materials with tailored properties from renewable resources.