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Updated: Jul 10, 2026
12:33
A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination
Published on: June 25, 2014
Studies of biosynthesis of insulin by isolated perfused rat pancreas
Arzneimittel-Forschung
|September 1, 1975
Abstract:
Incorporation studies with 3H-leucine have demonstrated that proinsulin is formed as a precursor of insulin in the perfused pancreas. A dependency of the insulin synthesis on the glucose concentration was revealed, based on a direct stimulation of the proinsulin synthesis. The conversion of proinsulin into insulin was not accelerated by glucose stimulation. The conversion also occurred in the absence of glucose.
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01:27Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
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01:25Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
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