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Frequency-dependent numerical dynamics in mosquitofish.

Lisa Horth1, Joseph Travis

  • 1Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4340, USA. lh6z@virginia.edu

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|November 13, 2002
PubMed
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Genetic variation in mosquitofish populations influences population dynamics. A rare male genotype affected mortality rates and population fluctuations, demonstrating genetic impacts on opposite-sex population dynamics via negative frequency-dependent selection.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Altering a population's genetic makeup can impact its numerical dynamics.
  • It remains unclear if natural populations possess the genetic variation necessary to influence population stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if natural populations harbor genetic variants capable of affecting population dynamics.
  • To examine the numerical effects of varying the initial relative frequency of a rare male genotype in mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki).

Main Methods:

  • Experimental populations of mosquitofish were established.
  • The initial relative frequency of a rare, melanic male genotype was manipulated.
  • Numerical dynamics, including mortality rates and abundance, were monitored over time.

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Main Results:

  • Increased frequency of the rare, melanic genotype led to higher mortality rates in both melanic males and females.
  • Higher juvenile abundance was observed with increased melanic genotype frequency.
  • Fewer fluctuations in female numbers occurred over time when the melanic genotype was more frequent.

Conclusions:

  • Natural populations can contain genetic variants within one sex that qualitatively alter the numerical dynamics of the opposite sex.
  • Negative frequency-dependent selection plays a role in these genetic influences on population dynamics.
  • This study highlights the significant impact of genetic variation on population stability and dynamics.