Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

The biotic ligand model: a historical overview.

Paul R Paquin¹, Joseph W Gorsuch, Simon Apte

¹HydroQual Inc, Mahwah, NJ 07403, USA. ppaquin@hydroqual.com

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP

|November 14, 2002

Summary

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The Combined Effects of Copper Exposure and Hypoxia on Zebrafish Behaviour.

Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology·2026

Same author

Gill ionocytes of the Lake Magadi tilapia (Oreochromis Alcolapia grahami), an extremophilic teleost native to a highly alkaline environment.

Cell and tissue research·2026

Same author

A 30-year retrospective on the respirometric method for measuring instantaneous metabolic fuel use in fish.

Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology·2026

Same author

Plasma chemistry, erythrocyte, and spleen responses to fatigue and recovery in U<sub>crit</sub> versus chase protocols in mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus), a high-performance pelagic teleost.

Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology·2026

Same author

A Biotic Ligand Model for Acute Copper Toxicity to the Zebrafish, the Most Studied Fish in the World: Back to Basics.

Environmental science & technology·2026

Same author

Studies with model compounds indicate that key chemical moieties of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) influence transepithelial potential in rainbow trout at circumneutral and low pH.

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP·2026

The biotic ligand model (BLM) quantifies how water chemistry impacts metal bioavailability in aquatic systems. This approach is crucial for developing water quality criteria and risk assessments for metals.

Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Aquatic Toxicology
Ecotoxicology

Background:

The biotic ligand model (BLM) is a tool for assessing metal bioavailability in aquatic environments.
Understanding metal speciation and bioavailability is key to predicting adverse effects.
The BLM considers site-specific water quality for accurate risk assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the current status and historical development of the biotic ligand model.
To review advances in aquatic chemistry, organism physiology, and toxicology influencing the BLM.
To highlight the BLM's role as an interface between scientific disciplines and regulatory bodies.

Main Methods:

Review of historical developments in metal aquatic chemistry.

Related Experiment Videos

Examination of aquatic organism physiology and toxicology.

Analysis of the influence of scientific advances on water quality regulations.

Main Results:

The BLM integrates knowledge from different scientific fields for metal risk assessment.
Recent advances in BLM development are presented, marking a milestone in ecological assessment.
The BLM demonstrates the importance of bioavailability in evaluating metal impacts.

Conclusions:

The BLM is a valuable tool for quantitative assessment of metal bioavailability and ecological risk.
The model serves as a crucial interface for scientific and regulatory collaboration.
Future developments of the BLM are essential for advancing ecological assessments of metals.