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Related Experiment Videos

Chromosome rearrangements and transposable elements.

Wolf-Ekkehard Lonnig1, Heinz Saedler

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, D-50829 Köln, Germany. loennig@mpiz-koeln.mpg.de

Annual Review of Genetics
|November 14, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Transposable elements (TEs) may play a role in sudden species formation through chromosome rearrangements and gene mutations. Recent research supports TE target site selection, suggesting a partly predetermined generation of biodiversity.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Barbara McClintock's hypothesis on transposable elements (TEs) and gene regulation has seen limited corroboration.
  • McClintock's proposition on TE-induced chromosome reorganizations and gene mutations driving rapid speciation is more promising.
  • Apparent contradictions between genomic "shuffling" and evolutionary stasis are being resolved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of transposable elements in gene regulation and species origin.
  • To reconcile conflicting observations in evolutionary biology regarding genomic change and stasis.
  • To discuss the potential for predetermined biodiversity generation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent wide-ranging investigations on TE behavior.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of TE target site selection (hot spots).
  • Discussion of theoretical models for biodiversity generation.

    • Main Results:

    • Confirmation and expansion of known cases of TE target site selection.
    • Implication of preestablished chromosome rearrangements rather than random events.
    • Evidence suggesting a partly predetermined mechanism for generating biodiversity and new species.

    Conclusions:

    • Transposable elements likely contribute to evolutionary novelty through targeted integration.
    • The origin of species may involve a combination of TE activity and genetic mutation.
    • These findings offer insights into macroevolutionary processes and the punctuated equilibrium theory.