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Reactive oxygen intermediates in TNF signaling

Amit K Garg1, Bharat B Aggarwal

  • 1Department of Bioimmunotherapy, The Cytokine Research Laboratory, Box 143, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Molecular Immunology
|November 15, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) triggers cell signals like apoptosis and gene transcription. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) are key to TNF signaling, mediating both cell survival and death.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular signaling pathways
  • Molecular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a potent inducer of critical intracellular signals.
  • TNF activates pathways including caspases, kinases (MAPK, JNK), and transcription factors (AP-1, NF-kappaB).
  • TNF signaling involves both pro-apoptotic and pro-survival mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence linking reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) to TNF-induced signaling.
  • To explore the role of ROI in mediating TNF's diverse cellular effects.
  • To understand the balance of ROI in maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on TNF signaling and ROI.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms connecting ROI to TNF pathways.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding ROI's dual role in apoptosis and survival.

Main Results:

  • Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) are implicated in TNF-mediated intracellular signaling.
  • ROI appear to mediate both pro-apoptotic and pro-survival signals induced by TNF.
  • The precise mechanisms balancing these opposing ROI effects remain unclear.

Conclusions:

  • ROI play a significant role in the complex intracellular signaling initiated by TNF.
  • Understanding the dual role of ROI in TNF signaling is crucial for deciphering cellular fate.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate how ROI-mediated antagonistic signals are regulated for homeostasis.

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