Ocular toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis is the most common infectious cause of posterior uveitis. Although the classic presentation including moderate to severe vitreous inflammation associated with a focal retinochoroiditis and an adjacent or nearby retinochoroidal scar offers little diagnostic difficulty, numerous atypical presentations have been recognized. Here, both serologic and PCR-based analyses can be used to support the diagnosis in clinically challenging cases. Treatment decisions can be complex and need to be individualized for each patient.