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Related Experiment Videos

Genioglossal electromyogram during maintained contraction in normal humans.

Marc B Blumen1, Annie Perez de La Sota, Maria A Quera-Salva

  • 1Head and Neck Surgery Department, Foch Teaching Hospital, Suresnes, France.

European Journal of Applied Physiology
|November 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Genioglossus muscle fatigue was studied using tongue endurance and electromyography (EMG). Findings reveal muscle fatigue indicators are time-dependent, not force-dependent, aiding diagnosis of conditions like sleep apnea.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Neuromuscular studies

Background:

  • The genioglossus muscle is crucial for preventing pharyngeal collapse, particularly during sleep.
  • Understanding its fatigability is vital for diagnosing related disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fatigability of the genioglossus muscle.
  • To analyze electromyographic (EMG) activity and tongue endurance during sustained effort.

Main Methods:

  • Eight nonapnoeic men performed submaximal efforts measured by a force transducer.
  • Tongue endurance and EMG activity were recorded and analyzed (mean absolute EMG, spectrum analysis).
  • Median frequency and force-EMG ratios were calculated at varying effort levels and durations.

Main Results:

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  • Genioglossus muscle fatigue indicators (median frequency, force:EMG ratio) were dependent on effort duration, not force level.
  • These indicators decreased linearly with time, irrespective of the force level when normalized.
  • Median frequency decreased due to increased low-frequency EMG components, indicated by a reduced high-frequency:low-frequency ratio.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully detected genioglossus muscle behavior during fatigue.
  • This methodology is valuable for identifying mechanical tongue failure in conditions like sleep apnea syndrome and neuromuscular disorders.