Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Reverse transcriptase and protease sequence evolution in two HIV-1-infected couples.

Sarah Palmer1, Dominique Vuitton, Matthew J Gonzales

  • 1HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA. spalmer@ncifcrf.gov

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|November 20, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Optimizing HIV-1 Genotypic Resistance Testing for Low- and Middle-Income Countries: High-Impact HIV-1 Mutations Across WHO-Defined Scenarios.

Viruses·2026
Same author

Fine-tuning and structured prompting strategies for question answering over full-text biomedical research articles.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Guidance on the clinical management of HIV-1 persistent low-level viraemia on antiretroviral treatment: a scoping review and an international Delphi consensus.

The lancet. HIV·2026
Same author

Genotypic challenges in implementing broadly neutralizing antibody-based long-acting HIV-1 therapies.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Surface Marker Profiling Reveals Immune Cell-Associated Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Alterations in Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

Open forum infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Suicidal Ideation Experienced by Long-Term Survivors of Blood or Marrow Transplantation: A Blood or Marrow Transplant Survivor Study Report.

Transplantation and cellular therapy·2026
Same journal

HIV seroprevalence, incidence, and viral suppression among Ugandan female bar workers: a population-based study.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2026
Same journal

Evaluating Associations Between Cumulative Use of Chronic Liver Injury-Inducing Antiretroviral Therapy and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, By Chronic Liver Disease Status.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2026
Same journal

Men's preferences for HIV self-test distribution strategies in Uganda: A discrete choice experiment.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2026
Same journal

Preferences for HIV testing among partners of transgender women in Lima, Peru: a discrete choice experiment.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2026
Same journal

Trends in sexually transmitted infections by PrEP use among cisgender men who have sex with men in New York City, 2014-2023.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2026
Same journal

Birth and Infant Growth Outcomes Following Prenatal Exposure to Bictegravir.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2026
See all related articles

Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 sequences can reflect transmission history. However, genetic distances may sometimes obscure direct transmission links, especially with pre-existing viral diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Phylogenetics

Background:

  • Analyzing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genetic sequences is crucial for understanding transmission dynamics.
  • Reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease genes are commonly used for phylogenetic analysis due to their role in viral replication and drug resistance.

Observation:

  • Phylogenetic trees from HIV-1 RT and protease sequences generally aligned with known transmission histories in two couples.
  • Significant genetic divergence (2.9%) was observed in RT sequences within one couple even before therapy initiation.
  • A small proportion (0.9%) of unrelated individuals harbored HIV-1 strains that shared a common ancestor with the recipient but not the transmitter.

Findings:

  • While RT and protease sequences contain phylogenetic information, they may be suboptimal for precisely reconstructing HIV-1 transmission events.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pre-transmission viral evolution and heterogeneity can complicate phylogenetic interpretations.
  • Genetic distances between unrelated individuals' viral sequences can occasionally mimic those of related individuals, potentially leading to misinterpretations of transmission.

    • Implications:

    • Accurate reconstruction of HIV-1 transmission chains requires careful consideration of viral evolution and genetic distance metrics.
    • Phylogenetic analysis alone may not be sufficient to definitively establish transmission links in all cases.
    • Understanding factors like pre-transmission divergence is essential for effective HIV-1 epidemiology and control strategies.