Percutaneous interventions for lower-extremity peripheral atherosclerotic disease

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Interventional Cardiology
• Peripheral Arterial Disease Management

Background:

• Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes claudication and critical limb ischemia, impacting quality of life.
• Coexisting coronary artery disease increases risks associated with surgical revascularization.
• Percutaneous catheter-based interventions present a viable alternative for PAD treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy and role of percutaneous interventions in managing peripheral arterial disease.
• To compare percutaneous revascularization with traditional surgical approaches.
• To assess outcomes for iliac, femoropopliteal, and below-the-knee interventions.

Main Methods:

• Review of percutaneous catheter-based interventions for PAD.
• Analysis of iliac artery balloon angioplasty and stenting outcomes.
• Evaluation of femoropopliteal and below-the-knee percutaneous revascularization results.

Main Results:

• Iliac artery angioplasty demonstrates high initial success and long-term patency; stenting is beneficial for dissections or stenosis.
• Femoropopliteal revascularization shows high restenosis rates; stenting is reserved for specific complications.
• Below-the-knee interventions show promising short-term results for critical limb ischemia in high-risk patients.

Conclusions:

• Percutaneous interventions are effective alternatives and adjuncts to surgery for PAD.
• Iliac interventions, particularly with stenting, offer durable results.
• Careful patient selection and technique are crucial for successful femoropopliteal and below-the-knee revascularization.