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Fast and ultrafast non-echo-planar MR imaging techniques.

W R Nitz1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Regensburg, Germany. wolfgang.nitz@siemens.com

European Radiology
|November 20, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This review details fast and ultrafast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques, focusing on gradient-echo and spin-echo sequences. It highlights clinical applications and emerging technologies beyond echo-planar imaging (EPI).

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[Magnetic resonance imaging. Sequence acronyms and other abbreviations in MR imaging].

Der Radiologe·2003

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Medical Imaging Technology

Background:

  • Fast and ultrafast MRI techniques encompass various gradient-echo and spin-echo sequences.
  • Existing literature often focuses on echo-planar imaging (EPI), leaving other techniques less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the sequence structures of non-echo-planar fast imaging techniques.
  • To list potential clinical applications for these advanced MRI methods.
  • To discuss recent advances and novel techniques in ultrafast MRI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of gradient-echo (FLASH, FISP, trueFISP) and spin-echo (RARE, GRASE) sequence structures.
  • Discussion of clinical applications for non-EPI fast imaging.
  • Mention of parallel imaging (SMASH, SENSE) and novel techniques (QUEST, BURST).

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of non-echo-planar fast imaging sequences.
  • Identification of clinical applications suitable for various fast MRI techniques.
  • Emphasis on trueFISP (balanced FFE, FIESTA) and multi-echo spin-echo techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Non-EPI fast and ultrafast MRI techniques offer broad clinical utility beyond diffusion, perfusion, and BOLD/fMRI.
  • TrueFISP and multi-echo spin-echo sequences are valuable alternatives to EPI for many applications.
  • Emerging technologies promise further advancements in MRI speed and capability.

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