Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 28, 2026

Optimized Automated Analysis of Live Neuronal Mitochondria Homeostasis Modulation by Isoform-Specific Retinoic Acid Receptors
Published on: July 28, 2023
Regulation of mitochondrial gene expression by retinoids
Helen B Everts1, Carolyn D Berdanier
1Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
Abstract:
Several nuclear hormone receptors have been localized to the mitochondrial compartment. Evidence supports the hypothesis that these receptors directly regulate mitochondrial transcription. Retinoic acid has also been shown to regulate mitochondrial transcription and function. This review discusses mechanisms of mitochondrial transcription and how retinoic acid may either indirectly or directly regulate mitochondrial transcription. How retinoic acid may affect individual nutrient requirements is also discussed.
Related Concept Videos
Mitochondria
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
Mitochondrial Membranes
The Retinoblastoma Gene
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

