Atrial septal defect and myocardial infarct

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Cardiovascular Research
• Medical Case Reports

Background:

• Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with normal coronary arteriography necessitates investigating alternative etiologies.
• Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are congenital heart conditions that can present atypically in adults.
• Left-to-right shunting in ASDs can increase the risk of cardiovascular complications.

Observation:

• This case report presents a patient experiencing acute myocardial infarction despite having normal coronary arteries.
• The diagnostic workup revealed the presence of an atrial septal defect.
• Hemodynamic assessment indicated significant left-to-right shunting through the ASD.

Findings:

• The acute increase in left-to-right shunting associated with the atrial septal defect was identified as the likely cause of myocardial necrosis.
• Right ventricular dysfunction was observed, consistent with increased volume load from the shunt.
• The findings highlight a rare but critical presentation of ASD.

Implications:

• Clinicians should consider atrial septal defects in the differential diagnosis of myocardial infarction with unobstructed coronary arteries.
• Early diagnosis and closure of ASDs may prevent severe cardiac events like myocardial infarction.
• This case underscores the importance of comprehensive etiological investigation in cardiology.