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Bicarbonate transport proteins.

Deborah Sterling1, Joseph R Casey

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire
|November 21, 2002
PubMed
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Mammalian cells use bicarbonate transporters to move bicarbonate across membranes for CO2 metabolism and pH regulation. These transporters are categorized into two main families, facilitating essential cellular functions.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Bicarbonate (HCO3-) is crucial for CO2 metabolism and cellular pH regulation.
  • Bicarbonate is not freely permeable across cell membranes, necessitating dedicated transport mechanisms.
  • Mammalian cells express various bicarbonate transport proteins to facilitate transmembrane HCO3- flux.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the mammalian bicarbonate transporter superfamily.
  • To summarize the identification and classification of bicarbonate transport proteins.
  • To highlight the distinct transport mechanisms and familial relationships of these transporters.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in bicarbonate transporter research.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of gene families and sequence homology.
  • Classification of transporters based on transport mechanisms and sequence relationships.

    • Main Results:

    • Bicarbonate transporters are essential for transmembrane bicarbonate movement.
    • Two major families of bicarbonate transporters have been identified: the anion exchanger (AE) family and members of the SLC26a family.
    • The AE family includes Cl-/HCO3- exchangers, Na+/HCO3- cotransporters (NBC), and Na(+)-dependent Cl/HCO3- exchangers.
    • Some SLC26a family members, primarily sulfate transporters, also transport bicarbonate but are distinct from the AE/NBC family.

    Conclusions:

    • Mammalian cells possess a superfamily of bicarbonate transporters crucial for physiological functions.
    • These transporters exhibit diverse mechanisms and are classified into distinct families based on sequence and function.
    • Continued research is identifying new bicarbonate transporter genes, expanding our knowledge of cellular transport systems.