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Ocular leptospirosis.

S R Rathinam1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Uveitis Service, Aravind Eye Hospital and PG Institute of Ophthalmology, 1 Anna Nagar, Madurai 625 020, Tamil Nadu, India. rathinam@aravind.org

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|November 21, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Uveitis, an eye complication of leptospirosis (a bacterial infection), is often underdiagnosed. Early diagnosis and awareness are crucial to prevent vision loss from this widespread zoonotic disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Ophthalmology
  • Zoonotic Diseases

Background:

  • Leptospirosis is a globally prevalent zoonotic febrile illness caused by Leptospira spirochetes.
  • Ocular manifestations, particularly uveitis, are recognized late complications of systemic leptospirosis.
  • Underdiagnosis is common due to diverse symptoms, low awareness, and limited laboratory access.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on ocular leptospirosis.
  • To highlight changing trends in risk factors and clinical presentations.
  • To emphasize the importance of diagnosis and management for preventing ocular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Medline, Cochrane library, and report bibliographies.
  • Review of articles on ocular leptospirosis, epidemiology, and clinical aspects.
  • Inclusion of recent molecular research and diagnostic studies.

Main Results:

  • Leptospirosis presents with protean manifestations, leading to underdiagnosis.
  • Evolving risk factors and an expanding spectrum of ocular and systemic findings are reported.
  • Significant progress in molecular research and development of rapid diagnostic tools is noted.

Conclusions:

  • Awareness of ocular leptospirosis is essential for accurate diagnosis.
  • Timely diagnosis and management can prevent potentially irreversible ocular complications.
  • Continued research into diagnostics and understanding of the disease spectrum are vital.

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