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Published on: October 30, 2013
Monoclonal antibody therapy for genitourinary oncology: promise for the future
Ganesh S Palapattu1, Robert E Reiter
1Department of Urology, University of California at Los Angeles, USA.
Purpose:
Metastatic or recurrent cancer continues to be the bane of the urological oncologist. Despite recent improvements in therapeutic strategies and outcomes for clinically localized disease overall survival in patients with the majority of metastatic and recurrent genitourinary malignancies remains relatively unchanged. Modern advances in the field of immunotherapy hold the promise of providing the clinical urologist/oncologist with new tools to fight urological cancer. In this review we discuss the various mAb based strategies currently under investigation for urological oncology as well as the lessons learned from similar approaches in other fields.
Materials And Methods:
We reviewed the literature on mAb based immunotherapy with a particular emphasis on target antigens, mAb design and potential applications in the field of urology.
Results:
Early trials with mAb therapy for solid tumor oncology met with limited success due to difficulty with mAb design and production, the development of host immunological responses against murine monoclonal antibodies (that is human anti-mouse antibodies), suboptimal target antigen selection, and poor monoclonal antibody pharmacokinetics and tumor tissue penetration. Recent advances in the fields of immunology and oncology have sought to circumvent these obstacles. Today several preliminary studies have shown the effectiveness and usefulness of mAb based strategies for urological oncology.
Conclusions:
The field of mAb based immunotherapy continues to evolve. New discoveries in this burgeoning area of cancer therapy show promise for the future.
Insights
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) immunotherapy offers new hope for treating metastatic urological cancers. Advances in mAb design and targeting are improving effectiveness against genitourinary malignancies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Urology
Background:
- Metastatic and recurrent genitourinary cancers remain challenging to treat.
- Current survival rates for advanced urological malignancies are relatively unchanged.
- Immunotherapy presents a promising new avenue for urological oncology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review monoclonal antibody (mAb) based immunotherapy strategies for urological oncology.
- To discuss lessons learned from mAb applications in other fields.
- To highlight potential applications of mAb therapy in urology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on mAb-based immunotherapy.
- Emphasis on target antigens, mAb design, and urological applications.
- Analysis of past challenges and recent advancements.
Main Results:
- Early mAb trials faced challenges including immunogenicity and poor pharmacokinetics.
- Recent advancements have addressed these limitations.
- Preliminary studies indicate effectiveness of mAb strategies in urological oncology.
Conclusions:
- Monoclonal antibody immunotherapy is an evolving field in cancer treatment.
- New discoveries show significant promise for the future of urological cancer therapy.
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