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Vesicular stomatitis.

Beverly Schmitt¹

¹Diagnostic Virology Laboratory, National Veterinary Service Laboratories, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1800 Dayton Road, Ames, IA 50010, USA. Beverly.J.Schmitt@aphis.usda.gov

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice

|November 22, 2002

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Vesicular stomatitis is an important livestock disease causing economic losses. Differentiating it from foot-and-mouth disease requires prompt laboratory diagnosis from collected samples.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Animal Health
Disease Outbreaks

Background:

Vesicular stomatitis is an infrequent but significant vesicular disease affecting cattle, horses, and swine.
Outbreaks in the United States lead to substantial economic losses in cattle due to reduced production, movement restrictions, and trade embargoes.
Clinical signs of vesicular stomatitis are indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease, highlighting the need for accurate diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

To emphasize the importance of timely and accurate laboratory diagnosis for vesicular disease in livestock.
To underscore the critical need for proper sample collection in suspected cases of vesicular stomatitis.
To facilitate differential diagnosis between vesicular stomatitis and other vesicular diseases like foot-and-mouth disease.

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Main Methods:

This study focuses on the clinical and diagnostic aspects of vesicular stomatitis.
Emphasis is placed on the importance of sample collection from affected animals.
The need for rapid laboratory confirmation is highlighted.

Main Results:

Vesicular stomatitis outbreaks result in significant economic impact on cattle herds.
Clinical presentation alone cannot differentiate vesicular stomatitis from foot-and-mouth disease.
Effective disease management hinges on rapid and precise laboratory diagnosis.

Conclusions:

Prompt laboratory diagnosis is crucial for managing vesicular stomatitis outbreaks in cattle, horses, and swine.
Appropriate sample collection is a critical first step in the diagnostic process.
Accurate differentiation from foot-and-mouth disease is essential for trade and animal health.