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Cutaneous androgen metabolism: basic research and clinical perspectives.

WenChieh Chen1, Diane Thiboutot, Christos C Zouboulis

  • 1Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|November 26, 2002
PubMed
Summary

The skin

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and endocrinology
  • Cutaneous biology
  • Androgen metabolism

Background:

  • The skin, particularly the pilosebaceous unit, synthesizes androgens from cholesterol or converts weaker androgens to more potent forms.
  • Six major enzyme systems are involved in skin androgen metabolism, mirroring classical steroidogenic organs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the localization and roles of key enzymes in cutaneous androgen metabolism.
  • To explore the potential of specific enzyme inhibitors for treating androgen-dependent dermatoses.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical localization of enzymes like steroid sulfatase, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 5alpha-reductase, and aromatase in skin.
  • Analysis of serum markers such as 3alpha-androstanediol glucuronide for hyperandrogenic states.

Main Results:

  • Steroid sulfatase shows strong immunoreactivity in lesional skin of acne patients.
  • Specific isoenzymes of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and 5alpha-reductase are localized to sebaceous glands and hair follicles.
  • Aromatase in sebaceous glands and hair follicles may have a role in androgen detoxification.

Conclusions:

  • Cutaneous androgen metabolism involves specific enzyme localizations within the pilosebaceous unit.
  • Targeting these enzymes with specific antagonists holds promise for treating androgen-dependent skin conditions like acne and hirsutism.

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