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Heat transfer mechanisms in microgravity flow boiling.

Haruhiko Ohta1

  • 1Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan. ohta@aero.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|November 26, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study investigates microgravity flow boiling heat transfer and dryout. Researchers found gravity affects heat transfer but not dryout mechanisms in annular flow, crucial for space applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Fluid Mechanics
  • Space Engineering

Background:

  • Flow boiling is critical for thermal management in space.
  • Understanding microgravity effects on heat transfer and dryout is essential for spacecraft.
  • Annular flow behavior is significant in the moderate quality region for space applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify heat transfer and dryout mechanisms in microgravity flow boiling.
  • To investigate the effect of gravity on heat transfer in upward flow.
  • To analyze liquid-vapor behavior in annular flow under varying gravity.

Main Methods:

  • Measured pressure drop for binary gas-liquid mixtures under various gravity conditions.
  • Correlated shear stress on the annular liquid film surface using an empirical method.

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  • Analyzed velocity and temperature profiles to investigate gravity effects on two-phase forced convection heat transfer.
  • Observed dryout phenomena using a transparent heated tube.

    • Main Results:

    • Heat transfer coefficients varied with gravity level, quality, and mass velocity, consistent with trends.
    • Observed oscillating wall temperatures near Critical Heat Flux (CHF), indicating transitions in heat transfer.
    • Identified heat transfer enhancement (quenching, evaporation) and deterioration (dry patches) due to disturbance waves.
    • Found no clear effect of gravity on dryout mechanisms within the experimental range.

    Conclusions:

    • Gravity influences heat transfer in microgravity flow boiling.
    • Dryout mechanisms are not significantly affected by gravity under the tested conditions.
    • The findings are crucial for designing reliable thermal management systems for space missions.