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Criteria for approximating certain microgravity flow boiling characteristics in Earth gravity.

Herman Merte1, Jaeseok Park, William W Shultz

  • 1Mechanical Engineering Dept., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2125, USA. merte@umich.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|November 26, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study investigates flow boiling heat transfer in near-horizontal orientations, crucial for microgravity applications. Critical liquid velocities and orientation effects on nucleation, dryout, and heat transfer were analyzed.

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Area of Science:

  • Heat Transfer
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Microgravity Science

Background:

  • Flow boiling is governed by buoyancy, liquid momentum, surface tension, and viscosity.
  • Simulating microgravity flow boiling on Earth requires specific orientations and liquid velocities.
  • Dimensionless numbers like Richardson, Weber, and Bond numbers bound critical velocities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate flow boiling heat transfer in near-horizontal orientations.
  • To determine critical liquid velocities for changes in flow boiling behavior.
  • To analyze the effects of velocity, orientation, and subcooling on nucleation, dryout, and heat transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of flow boiling heat transfer using R-113.
  • Utilized quartz and copper heaters with varying surface properties.

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  • Varied liquid velocity (4-16 cm/sec), bulk liquid subcooling (2-20 °C), and heat flux (4-8 W/cm²).
  • Focused on orientations near horizontal (±5 degrees from downward facing).

    • Main Results:

    • Identified critical liquid velocities in the range of 5-10 cm/sec.
    • Observed significant effects of orientation, velocity, and subcooling on nucleation, dryout, and heat transfer.
    • Transient and steady-state measurements were performed.

    Conclusions:

    • Near-horizontal orientations significantly impact flow boiling heat transfer.
    • Understanding these parameters is vital for designing efficient heat transfer systems in microgravity.
    • The study provides valuable data for approximating flow boiling in reduced gravity environments.