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Pericarditis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.

J L Picardi, C A Kauffman, J Schwarz

    The American Journal of Cardiology
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Histoplasma capsulatum can cause pericarditis, often in young, healthy individuals. This granulomatous pericarditis typically resolves without long-term complications, unlike tuberculosis-related cases.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cardiology
    • Mycology

    Background:

    • Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart.
    • Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus endemic in certain regions, primarily causing pulmonary infections.
    • Fungal infections, including histoplasmosis, can rarely manifest with cardiac involvement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the clinical presentation, course, and prognosis of pericarditis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.
    • To differentiate Histoplasma capsulatum-induced pericarditis from other causes, particularly tuberculosis.
    • To assess long-term outcomes in patients with fungal pericarditis.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case series of sixteen patients diagnosed with pericarditis due to Histoplasma capsulatum.

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  • Clinical data collection including prodromal symptoms, associated pulmonary findings, and treatment.
  • Serological testing for Histoplasma capsulatum antibodies and long-term follow-up assessments.

    • Main Results:

    • Most patients were young (<30 years) and immunocompetent, presenting with flu-like illness and sometimes pneumonitis or pleural effusion.
    • Cultures were typically negative, but serological evidence confirmed Histoplasma capsulatum infection.
    • While protracted and recurrent in some, all patients recovered, with minimal long-term sequelae like pericardial calcification; no constrictive pericarditis was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Histoplasma capsulatum pericarditis is an uncommon but generally benign condition in immunocompetent hosts.
    • It differs from tuberculous pericarditis in its favorable prognosis and lower likelihood of causing constrictive pericarditis.
    • Early recognition and supportive care are key, with a good long-term outlook for affected individuals.