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A three-dimensional analysis of enamel distribution patterns in human permanent first molars
Reiko T Kono1, Gen Suwa, Toyohisa Tanijiri
1Department of Anthropology, National Science Museum, Hyakunincho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan. rtkono@kahaku.go.jp
Archives of Oral Biology
|November 27, 2002
Summary
Human molar enamel thickness varies by location, with thicker enamel on lingual (upper) and buccal (lower) faces. This 3D enamel distribution pattern suggests cusp-specific patterning, not just functional adaptation.
Area of Science:
- Dental Morphology
- Paleoanthropology
- Biomechanical Engineering
Background:
- Enamel cap morphology and thickness in human molars are linked to function.
- Previous studies analyzed enamel thickness in limited sections, not overall crown distribution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the 3D enamel thickness distribution pattern in human permanent first molars.
- To identify common patterns and variations in enamel thickness across the entire molar crown.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a newly developed system for 3D analysis of enamel thickness.
- Examined enamel distribution patterns in human permanent first molars.
Main Results:
- Identified a consistent 3D enamel thickness pattern across individuals.
- Confirmed thicker enamel on lingual faces of upper molars and buccal faces of lower molars.
- Observed thicker enamel on the hypoconid of lower molars and distal faces, linked to cusp-specific patterning.
Conclusions:
- Molar enamel thickness gradients result from cusp-specific patterning rather than solely directional functional adaptation.
- Thin enamel on mesiobuccal cusp tips may relate to developmental timing or DEJ topography, not function.
- Overall 3D enamel thickness patterns are partially explained by functional adaptation.
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