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Regional cerebral perfusion abnormalities in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Statistical parametric mapping
Boong-Nyun Kim1, Jae-Sung Lee, Min-Sup Shin
1Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yungundong, Chongrogu, Seoul, Korea. kbn1@snu.ac.kr
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
|November 27, 2002
Summary
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibit distinct cerebral blood flow patterns, with reduced flow in prefrontal and cerebellar regions and increased flow in posterior brain areas during rest.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pediatric Neurology
- Radiology
Background:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
- Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of ADHD is crucial for effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate differences in resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) between children with ADHD and neurotypical controls.
- To identify specific brain regions associated with functional alterations in ADHD.
Main Methods:
- Voxel-based analysis of (99m)Tc-HMPAO brain SPECT imaging.
- Comparison of 40 children with pure ADHD (DSM-IV criteria) and 17 age, sex, and IQ-matched controls.
- Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) used for voxel-wise comparison with a p-value threshold of <0.01.
Main Results:
- Children with ADHD showed significantly decreased CBF in the right lateral prefrontal cortex, right middle temporal cortex, orbital prefrontal cortex, and cerebellar cortices compared to controls.
- The ADHD group exhibited increased CBF in certain parietal and occipital lobe regions (posterior brain areas).
Conclusions:
- This study confirms functional deficits in the prefrontal cortex in children with ADHD.
- Novel findings indicate alterations in the limbic area, somatosensory areas, and cerebellum during the resting state in ADHD brains.