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Morphofunctional and clinical study on mandibular alveolar distraction osteogenesis
Davide Zaffe1, Carlo Bertoldi, Carla Palumbo
1Dipartimento di Scienze Morfologiche e Medico Legali, Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy. zaffe@unimo.it
Clinical Oral Implants Research
|November 28, 2002
Summary
Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis (ADO) effectively augments alveolar bone height. Early implant placement after ADO is recommended to prevent bone loss from mechanical unloading and optimize results.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
- Dental Implantology
Background:
- Alveolar bone deformities limit dental implant success.
- Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis (ADO) offers a solution for ridge augmentation.
- Predicting bone regeneration and timing implant placement are crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the predictability of height augmentation using extra-alveolar distraction devices.
- To investigate the bone healing processes following ADO.
- To optimize the timing for implant-prosthetic rehabilitation.
Main Methods:
- ADO performed on 10 patients with alveolar ridge deformities.
- Clinical and radiological assessments (OPT, CT, densitometry) over 12 weeks.
- Histological analysis of bone biopsies (40, 60, 88 days) and microradiography for Trabecular Bone Volume (TBV).
Main Results:
- Soft callus formation observed at 40 days, progressing to woven bone with 50% TBV at 60 days.
- Bone deposition decreased by 88 days, with increased osteoclast activity.
- Densitometry showed increasing bone values post-distraction, especially after implant insertion.
Conclusions:
- ADO is a predictable method for alveolar bone height augmentation.
- Bone regeneration peaks around 60 days and then declines, indicating potential bone loss.
- Early implant insertion post-ADO is advisable to leverage peak bone formation and prevent resorption.