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Weight change, weight fluctuation, and mortality.

S Goya Wannamethee1, A Gerald Shaper, Mary Walker

  • 1Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, England. goya@pcps.ucl.ac.uk

Archives of Internal Medicine
|December 3, 2002
PubMed
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Weight loss and weight cycling in middle-aged men are linked to higher mortality, but this risk is largely explained by lifestyle factors and underlying health conditions, not the weight changes themselves.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Weight change and weight fluctuation are common in middle-aged populations.
  • Understanding their association with mortality is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between weight change, weight cycling, and mortality in middle-aged men.
  • To determine if weight changes directly impact mortality risk or if other factors are involved.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study involving 5608 men aged 40-59.
  • Weight changes over 12-14 years were analyzed against mortality over the subsequent 8 years.
  • Statistical adjustments were made for lifestyle variables and preexisting conditions.

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Main Results:

  • Stable weight or weight gain was associated with the lowest mortality rates.
  • Sustained weight loss or weight cycling significantly increased mortality risk (RR 1.50-1.63).
  • This increased risk was substantially reduced after adjusting for lifestyle and preexisting disease, particularly in nonsmokers.

Conclusions:

  • The elevated mortality risk associated with weight loss and cycling in middle-aged men is primarily attributed to lifestyle factors and pre-existing diseases.
  • Weight loss and cycling in this demographic do not appear to be direct independent causes of increased mortality.