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Effect of surgical trauma on epithelial cell adhesion molecule (GA-733) vaccine-induced tumor resistance

I Kirman1, A Maydelman, Z Asi

  • 1Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, BB1716, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. ik139@columbia.edu

Surgical Endoscopy
|November 29, 2002
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Surgical intervention impairs the immune response to the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) vaccine in colon cancer models. Open surgery significantly reduced antibody production, hindering vaccine efficacy against tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Surgical trauma is known to suppress immune function.
  • The study investigates the impact of surgery on immune response to epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a target for colon cancer vaccination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of surgical intervention on the immune response to an EpCAM-based vaccine.
  • To determine if surgical methods influence the efficacy of EpCAM vaccination in colon cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Mice received a GA-733 (EpCAM) vaccine with monophosphoryl-lipid A (MPLA) via biodegradable beads.
  • Surgical groups included control, insufflation, and laparotomy.
  • Immune response was assessed by measuring anti-GA733 IgG antibodies and cytotoxic T-cell activity against EpCAM-expressing colon cancer cells.

Main Results:

  • The GA-733 vaccine reduced tumor size significantly only in control mice.
  • While all immunized groups showed a greater cytotoxic response than controls, anti-GA733 IgG levels increased significantly only in control and insufflation groups.
  • Laparotomy surgery led to a significant decrease in antibody response to the EpCAM vaccine.

Conclusions:

  • The GA-733 vaccine can reduce tumor growth and elicit specific immune responses.
  • Open surgery (laparotomy) diminishes the antibody-mediated immune response to the EpCAM vaccine.
  • Surgical management may compromise the effectiveness of EpCAM-targeted cancer vaccines.

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