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Relationship between platelet phospholipid FA and mean platelet volume in healthy men
Duo Li1, Alan Turner, Andrew J Sinclair
1Department of Food Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Australia. duoli@mail.hzic.edu.cn
Abstract:
Increased mean platelet volume (MPV) has been suggested as an independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction and the increased reactivity of large platelets. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between platelet phospholipid (PL) PUFA composition and MPV in 139 free-living healthy men ages 20-55 yr (vegans, n = 18; ovolacto vegetarians, n = 43; moderate meat-eaters, n = 60; and high meateaters, n = 18). Each subject completed a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire and gave a blood sample. Platelet PL FA composition and MPV were determined by standard methods. MPV was significantly greater in the vegans than in the ovolacto vegetarian, moderate, or high meat-eater groups (P < 0.01). Both vegan and ovolacto vegetarian groups had significantly higher platelet PL 18:2n-6 and 22:4n-6, and lower 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 compared with the moderate and high meat-eater groups. The vegans demonstrated a significant reduction in 20:4n-6 and 22:5n-3 compared with the ovolacto vegetarian, high meat-eater, and moderate meat-eater groups. Bivariate analysis results showed that MPV was significantly positively correlated with platelet PL 18:2n-6 (P = 0.048) and negatively correlated with 20:3n-6 (P = 0.02), 20:5n-3 (P = 0.005), and 22:5n-3 (P< 0.0001), respectively. In a multiple linear regression analysis, after controlling for potential confounding factors such as dietary group, age, exercise, body mass index, and dietary polyunsaturated and saturated fat, cholesterol, carbohydrate, and fiber intake, the MPV was still strongly negatively correlated with platelet PL 20:3n-6 (P = 0.003) and 22:5n-3 (P = 0.001). The present data suggest that 22:5n-3 and 20:3n-6 may play a role in the structural function of the platelet membrane.
Insights
Higher mean platelet volume (MPV) is linked to increased heart attack risk. This study found vegan diets correlate with higher MPV and specific platelet fatty acid changes, suggesting a role for 22:5n-3 and 20:3n-6 in platelet function.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Nutritional Science
- Hematology
Background:
- Increased mean platelet volume (MPV) is associated with acute myocardial infarction and heightened platelet reactivity.
- Platelet phospholipid (PL) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition may influence MPV and platelet function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between platelet PL PUFA composition and MPV in healthy men across different dietary groups.
- To explore the influence of diet on platelet characteristics and their potential link to cardiovascular risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study involving 139 healthy men (vegans, vegetarians, moderate, and high meat-eaters).
- Dietary intake assessed via Food Frequency Questionnaire.
- Platelet PL fatty acid (FA) composition and MPV determined using standard laboratory methods.
Main Results:
- Vegans exhibited significantly greater MPV compared to other dietary groups.
- Vegan and vegetarian groups showed higher platelet PL 18:2n-6 and 22:4n-6, and lower 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3.
- MPV was negatively correlated with platelet PL 20:3n-6 and 22:5n-3, even after controlling for confounding factors.
Conclusions:
- Dietary patterns, particularly veganism, are associated with distinct platelet phospholipid PUFA profiles and higher MPV.
- Platelet PL fatty acids 22:5n-3 and 20:3n-6 may play a significant role in platelet membrane structural function.
- These findings suggest a potential link between diet-induced changes in platelet composition and MPV, relevant to cardiovascular health.