Ligand effects on the binding of cis- and trans-[PtCl(2)Am(1)Am(2)] to proteins

As part of a systematic study of the basic principles that govern the formation and reactivity of Pt-protein adducts, we report the effect of substituting the amine ligand of cis- and trans-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2)] complexes with bulkier planar aromatic or nonplanar cyclic amine ligands on the binding properties of the complexes to ubiquitin and to horse heart myoglobin. The ligand replacement had a different effect on the cis or trans isomers investigated. In the cis-Pt complexes, replacing one or both amine ligands by piperidine or 4-picoline dramatically decreased the binding of the complexes to the proteins studied, whereas in the substituted trans-Pt complexes replacement of the amine by a piperidine or 4-picoline increased the binding rate. This behavior may have to do with the different preferred binding sites of the cis- and trans-Pt complexes. The bulkier cis- or trans-Pt complexes investigated also did not display a preference for Met1 of ubiquitin, possibly owing to steric constraints imposed by the substituted ligands. The introduction of a charged piperazine ligand significantly decreased the rate of binding to the protein, possibly owing to electrostatic interactions or hydrogen-bond formations with the surface of the protein. The binding of the complexes to ubiquitin and myoglobin does not disrupt the folding of the proteins as judged by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.