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Managing insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

O E Owen, G Boden, C R Shuman

    Postgraduate Medicine
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Most insulin-dependent diabetics achieve good control with NPH, Lente, or Regular insulin. Complications often stem from dosage, diet, or activity issues, but insulin can also induce hyperglycemia or allergic reactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Disorders
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Insulin therapy is fundamental for managing type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes).
    • Effective insulin regimens are crucial for preventing both short-term and long-term complications.
    • Understanding insulin's role in hyperglycemia and allergic reactions is vital for patient care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline standard insulin preparations for managing insulin-dependent diabetes.
    • To identify common complications associated with insulin therapy.
    • To describe management strategies for insulin-induced hyperglycemia and allergic reactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of established insulin preparations including single-peak U-100 beef-pork NPH, Lente, and Regular insulin.

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  • Analysis of factors contributing to complications in insulin therapy.
  • Description of approaches for managing insulin-induced hyperglycemia and allergic reactions.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 95% of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes can be managed with NPH, Lente, and Regular insulin preparations, individually or in combination.
    • Common complications are linked to insulin dosage, dietary habits, and physical activity levels.
    • Insulin can paradoxically induce hyperglycemia, and generalized allergic reactions may necessitate desensitization.
    • Glucocorticoids are used to treat insulin-resistant patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Standard insulin preparations effectively manage the majority of insulin-dependent diabetics.
    • Careful attention to insulin dosage, diet, and activity is essential to prevent complications.
    • Specific management protocols exist for insulin-induced hyperglycemia, allergic reactions, and insulin resistance.