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Related Experiment Videos

Tissue transglutaminase and its substrates in bone.

Mari T Kaartinen1, Sherif El-Maadawy, Niina H Räsänen

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|December 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals tissue transglutaminase (tTG) activity in bone, identifying osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, and alpha2 HS-glycoprotein as key substrates involved in cell adhesion and bone maturation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is a protein-cross-linking enzyme involved in various cellular processes.
  • Its role and substrates within bone tissue, particularly in the mineralized compartment, remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and localization of tTG activity in bone.
  • To identify specific bone proteins that serve as substrates for tTG.
  • To elucidate the potential function of tTG and its substrates in bone biology.

Main Methods:

  • Activity assays (microplate, blotting) using biotinylated amine probes.
  • Avidin affinity purification and Western blotting to identify tTG substrates.
  • Immunohistochemistry to localize tTG and isopeptide bonds in bone tissue.

Related Experiment Videos

  • 2D gel electrophoresis to analyze protein cross-linking patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • TG activity was detected in the mineralized compartment of rat bone.
    • Osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and alpha2 HS-glycoprotein (AHSG) were identified as major tTG substrates in bone.
    • BSP and AHSG represent novel substrates for tTG.
    • These substrates form distinct homotypic polymers in the extracellular matrix.
    • tTG and isopeptide bonds were localized in the osteoid and pericellular matrix, with tTG present in osteoblasts and osteocytes.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides in vivo evidence for tTG activity and its substrates in bone.
    • tTG and its identified substrates (OPN, BSP, AHSG) likely play roles in bone cell adhesion.
    • These findings suggest a potential involvement of tTG in bone matrix maturation and calcification.