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Growth at puberty.

Alan D Rogol1, James N Roemmich, Pamela A Clark

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. arogol@cstone.net

The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
|December 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Environmental and hormonal factors significantly influence somatic growth and adolescent development. Understanding these factors is key to optimizing linear growth potential from fetal development through aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Human growth and development
  • Endocrinology
  • Environmental influences on growth

Background:

  • Somatic growth and maturation are influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Environmental factors, such as nutrition and health, significantly impact linear growth potential.
  • The secular trend in height and adolescent development highlights the role of environmental influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted factors influencing somatic growth and maturation.
  • To investigate the role of environmental factors, nutrition, health, and physical activity on linear growth.
  • To examine the hormonal regulation of the adolescent growth spurt and body composition changes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on somatic growth, environmental factors, and hormonal regulation.
  • Analysis of the interplay between genetic potential and external influences on growth.
  • Examination of pubertal development, body composition, and hormonal axes.

Main Results:

  • Environmental factors significantly modify genetic potential for linear growth.
  • Nutrition and overall health are critical determinants of normal growth.
  • Physical activity and fitness are emerging as important factors in linear growth, particularly in adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • Normal growth is a testament to overall good health and is influenced by a complex interplay of factors.
  • Hormonal regulation during puberty involves gonadotropins, leptin, sex-steroids, and growth hormone.
  • Interactions among hormonal axes and body composition changes are pivotal throughout the lifespan, from fetal development to aging.

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