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Widespread use of fluoroquinolones versus emerging resistance in pneumococci
Ellie J C Goldstein1, Susan M Garabedian-Ruffalo
1R. M. Alden Research Laboratory, Santa Monica-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA. EJCGMD@aol.com
Abstract:
During the past decade, respiratory-tract pathogens have shown an increase in resistance to all classes of antimicrobial agents. Although the increasing prevalence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae has resulted in an increased reliance on newer classes of agents, such as the fluoroquinolones, the broad use of these agents has contributed to increasing prevalence of strains with in vitro fluoroquinolone resistance, which are associated with treatment failures, nosocomial outbreaks, and patient fatalities. Strategies to limit this emerging dilemma and preserve the clinical utility of these agents are needed.
Insights
Antimicrobial resistance in respiratory pathogens is rising, leading to increased use of fluoroquinolones. This broad use is driving resistance, risking treatment failures and fatalities, necessitating new strategies to preserve drug effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Respiratory pathogens exhibit increasing resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes.
- Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae has led to greater reliance on fluoroquinolones.
- Broad fluoroquinolone use contributes to rising in vitro resistance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance in respiratory pathogens.
- To highlight the link between fluoroquinolone use and emerging resistance.
- To emphasize the need for strategies to maintain fluoroquinolone efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Review of antimicrobial resistance trends.
- Analysis of fluoroquinolone usage patterns.
- Assessment of clinical outcomes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Main Results:
- Significant increase in antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens over the past decade.
- Growing prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant strains linked to increased drug usage.
- Fluoroquinolone resistance associated with treatment failures and adverse events.
Conclusions:
- The increasing resistance to antimicrobials, including fluoroquinolones, poses a significant threat to public health.
- Urgent strategies are required to combat emerging antimicrobial resistance and preserve the utility of essential antimicrobial agents.
- Preserving the clinical effectiveness of fluoroquinolones is critical for managing respiratory tract infections.