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Bite force determination in children with primary dentition.

A M Rentes1, M B D Gavião, J R Amaral

  • 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental school of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|December 11, 2002
PubMed
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This study found that children's bite force is not significantly affected by normal, cross, or open bite occlusion types. Body weight and height also showed minimal influence on maximum bite force in primary dentition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Assessing maximal bite force in children is crucial for understanding oral development and function.
  • Different types of occlusion may potentially influence masticatory muscle strength.
  • Limited research exists on bite force variations across different occlusal patterns in primary dentition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the maximum bite force among children with normal occlusion, crossbite, and open bite.
  • To determine if occlusal type influences bite force magnitude in primary dentition.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty children with primary dentition were divided into three groups based on occlusion: normal, crossbite, and open bite.
  • Maximal bite force was measured using a pressure sensor (MPX 5700 Motorola) connected to an electronic circuit.

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  • Each child exerted maximum force three times, with the highest value recorded and analyzed using ANOVA.

    • Main Results:

    • The mean maximal bite force values were 213±17 N (normal), 249±63 N (crossbite), and 241±19 N (open bite).
    • No statistically significant differences in bite force were found among the three occlusal groups (P > 0.05).
    • Weak positive correlations were observed between bite force and body weight (r=0.24) and height (r=0.23).

    Conclusions:

    • The type of occlusion (normal, crossbite, open bite) does not significantly impact maximal bite force in children with primary dentition.
    • Body weight and height have a small influence on bite force magnitude in this age group.
    • Further research may explore other factors influencing bite force in pediatric populations.