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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
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¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

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At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
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¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

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The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
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Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Globular and Fibrous Proteins02:21

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Many proteins can be classified into two distinct subtypes - globular or fibrous. These two types differ in their shapes and solubilities.
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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Structured Approach to Colonoscopy Technique Optimization: A Single-Center Experience with Novice Endoscopists
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Flexible colonoscopy.

H Shinya, W Wolff

    Cancer
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Colonoscopy allows for visual examination and treatment of colon diseases, including the removal of polyps. This endoscopic approach improves diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer and polyps, reducing incidence and mortality.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Endoscopy
    • Surgical Oncology

    Background:

    • Colonoscopy provides visual examination of the entire colon and terminal ileum.
    • It requires skill and experience for safe and effective performance.
    • Colonoscopy offers improved diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer and polyps compared to barium enema.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of colonoscopy.
    • To present the technique and outcomes of endoscopic polyp removal.
    • To emphasize the role of colonoscopy in reducing colorectal cancer incidence.

    Main Methods:

    • Visual examination of the colon using fiberoptic instruments.
    • Snare-cautery removal of colonic polyps via colonoscope.
    • Ambulatory endoscopic polypectomy for selected polyps.

    Main Results:

    • Successful resection of over 2500 polyps without mortality, representing the largest world experience.
    • Endoscopic polyp removal as an ambulatory procedure reduces costs and recovery time.
    • Neoplastic polyp extirpation is expected to decrease overt colorectal cancer rates.

    Conclusions:

    • Colonoscopy is a valuable tool for diagnosing and treating colonic diseases.
    • Endoscopic polypectomy is a safe and effective procedure with significant benefits.
    • Colonoscopy and polypectomy can help manage the rising incidence of colorectal cancer.