Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Physiologic factors predisposing to chronic respiratory failure.

Andrea Rossi1, Roberta Poggi, Josep Roca

  • 1Pulmonary Division, Azienda Ospedaliera, Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy. arossi@ospedaliriuniti.bergamo.it

Respiratory Care Clinics of North America
|December 17, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Chronic respiratory failure stems from ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatching causing hypoxemia and load/capacity imbalance leading to hypercapnia. Understanding these factors is key to preventing disease progression.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Epitope Mapping Using Yeast Display and Next Generation Sequencing.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2018
Same author

Brain-injured Survivors of Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies Complicated by Single Intrauterine Death: MR Findings in a Multicenter Study.

Radiology·2018
Same author

Acute Communicating Hydrocephalus as Spinal Cord Surgery Complication in Patient with Lumbar Lipomyelocele.

World neurosurgery·2018
Same author

Unusual white matter involvement in EAST syndrome associated with novel KCNJ10 mutations.

Journal of neurology·2018
Same author

Role of MRI T2-DRIVE in the assessment of pituitary stalk abnormalities without gadolinium in pituitary diseases.

European journal of endocrinology·2018
Same author

Echocardiographic advances in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Three-dimensional and strain imaging echocardiography.

Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)·2018

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Chronic respiratory failure is primarily determined by ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatching and load/capacity imbalance.
  • V/Q mismatching leads to hypoxemia (lung failure), while load/capacity imbalance causes hypercapnia (ventilatory failure).
  • These factors often coexist, particularly in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), indicating advanced disease stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the major physiologic determinants of chronic respiratory failure.
  • To differentiate the roles of V/Q mismatching and load/capacity imbalance in various respiratory disorders.
  • To highlight therapeutic implications and areas for future research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying chronic respiratory failure.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the interplay between V/Q mismatching and load/capacity imbalance.
  • Discussion of therapeutic interventions like oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation.

    • Main Results:

    • V/Q mismatching is linked to hypoxemia, while load/capacity imbalance is associated with hypercapnia and inefficient breathing patterns.
    • In COPD, both mechanisms are often present, whereas pure lung diseases may primarily show V/Q mismatching and thoracic disorders may highlight chest wall mechanics.
    • Oxygen therapy effectively treats hypoxemia, but the role of chronic mechanical ventilation remains under investigation, especially in COPD.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of chronic respiratory failure requires understanding its specific pathophysiologic drivers.
    • Further research is needed to fully comprehend factors leading to chronic ventilatory failure and to optimize treatment strategies.
    • Preventing the progression to chronic respiratory failure necessitates a deeper understanding of these underlying physiological imbalances.