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Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells
Published on: July 2, 2013
Antigen-presenting cells in human periodontal disease tissues
E Gemmell1, C L Carter, D N J Hart
1Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Oral Microbiology and Immunology
|December 18, 2002
Summary
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including B cells and CD83+ dendritic cells, are key players in periodontal disease inflammation. B cells become the main APCs in more severe periodontitis, indicating their crucial role.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Periodontology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- T cells are integral to periodontal disease lesions, necessitating antigen presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
- The specific T helper cell subsets (Th1 or Th2) dominating these lesions remain unclear, though different APCs can influence T-cell activation.
- Understanding APC populations in periodontal disease is crucial for elucidating immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and distribution of various dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells in gingival biopsies.
- To compare APC populations in healthy/gingivitis tissues versus periodontitis lesions of varying severity.
- To identify potential roles of different APC subsets in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Main Methods:
- Immunoperoxidase staining was employed on gingival biopsies from healthy/gingivitis and periodontitis subjects.
- The study examined CD1a+, CMRF-44+, CMRF-58+, CD83+ dendritic cells, CD14+ macrophages/precursors, and CD19+ B cells.
- Samples were categorized into three groups based on inflammatory infiltrate size.
Main Results:
- CD1a+ Langerhans cells were abundant in the epithelium, with no significant difference between healthy/gingivitis and periodontitis groups.
- CD83+ dendritic cells were more prevalent in infiltrates than other dendritic cell markers and were associated with CD83+ endothelium.
- B cells emerged as the predominant APCs in moderate to extensive infiltrates, with significantly increased percentages in severe periodontitis lesions.
Conclusions:
- CD83+ dendritic cells and CD14+ cells are present in periodontal inflammatory infiltrates, with CD83+ dendritic cells being more numerous.
- B cells play an increasingly significant role as antigen-presenting cells in more advanced stages of periodontal disease.
- Further functional studies are necessary to fully define the contributions of distinct APC subpopulations in periodontal disease.
