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Updated: Jan 11, 2026

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[Maximal isometric bite force and sports. Preliminary study].

J P Sannajust1, C Thiery, G Poumarat

  • 1Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Hôtel Dieu, Bd Léon Malfreyt, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand.

Revue De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale
|December 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Men exhibit higher maximum bite forces than women, regardless of exercise habits. Intense sports may increase fatigability in female masseter muscles, potentially impacting jaw posture.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Evaluating bite forces and masseter muscle EMG activity aids in identifying temporomandibular joint disorders.
  • Intense sports can induce stress, potentially affecting mandibular statics through masticatory muscle hyperfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare maximum isometric bite forces between physically trained and sedentary individuals.
  • To investigate sex-based differences in bite force and masseter muscle activity.

Main Methods:

  • Maximum isometric bite forces of premolars were measured using a force transducer in 25 trained and sedentary volunteers.
  • Electromyography (EMG) and force recordings were synchronized during maximal muscle contractions.
  • Subjects with normal dentition and no temporomandibular joint disorders were included.

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Main Results:

  • Male subjects demonstrated significantly higher maximum bite forces than female subjects (p < 0.05).
  • No significant difference in bite force was observed between trained and sedentary subjects.
  • Physically active females showed increased masseter muscle fatigability compared to sedentary females.

Conclusions:

  • Sex-based differences in maximal bite force align with those observed in locomotor muscles.
  • The practice of sports may increase masseter muscle fatigability, potentially contributing to mandibular posture imbalances.
  • Further research with larger, more diverse subject groups is needed to confirm findings.