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Soy formulas and nonbovine milk.

Maria Antonella Muraro1, Paolo G Giampietro, Elena Galli

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. muraro@pediatria.unipd.it

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|December 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

For infants with cow's milk allergy, soy formulas are a safe alternative. Other options like mare's or donkey's milk, and elemental diets, may be suitable for specific cases, but require further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Nutrition
  • Infant Nutrition and Immunology

Background:

  • Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is a common concern in infants, necessitating safe nutritional alternatives when breastfeeding is not possible.
  • Critical nutritional needs in the first year of life underscore the importance of appropriate milk substitutes for infants with CMA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical applications of alternative milk sources for infants diagnosed with cow's milk allergy.
  • Evaluation of vegetable-based (soy) formulas, animal milk (goat, mare, donkey), and elemental diets as substitutes for cow's milk in affected infants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search using keywords: soy, goat's milk, donkey's milk, mare's milk, and elemental diet.
  • Inclusion of original research and review articles from peer-reviewed journals, supplemented by reference lists.

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Main Results:

  • Soy formulas are nutritionally sound for non-gastrointestinal CMA manifestations.
  • Goat's milk shares similar allergenic properties with cow's milk.
  • Mare's and donkey's milk can be adapted for infants with CMA, while elemental diets are reserved for severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • Soy-based formulas, modified mare/donkey milk, and elemental diets offer viable alternatives for infants with CMA.
  • Further clinical trials are essential to ascertain the safety of alternative mammal-derived milks.
  • Selection of an alternative should be individualized based on the infant's age, symptom severity, and allergy profile.