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Related Experiment Videos

Monocyte-derived dendritic cells release neopterin.

Barbara Wirleitner1, Daniela Reider, Susanne Ebner

  • 1Institute for Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|December 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Dendritic cells (DC) produce neopterin, a marker of immune activation. These cells are sensitive to interferon-alpha and interferon-beta, unlike monocytes/macrophages, and also induce tryptophan degradation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Neopterin concentrations indicate cell-mediated immunity activation in various diseases.
  • Monocytes/macrophages are known neopterin producers upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma).
  • Dendritic cells (DC), primarily of myeloid origin, are crucial immune regulators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neopterin elaboration by cultured monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC).
  • To determine the sensitivity of DC neopterin production to various cytokines and stimuli.
  • To assess the induction of indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO) and subsequent tryptophan degradation in stimulated DC.

Main Methods:

  • Monocyte-derived DC were cultured and stimulated with cytokines (IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, LPS, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-10, IL-18) +/- monocyte-conditioned medium.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Neopterin concentrations in cell culture supernatants were measured.
  • Indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO) activity and tryptophan degradation were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Cultured DC secreted neopterin, averaging 3.5 nmol/l.
    • IFN-gamma significantly increased neopterin production by DC.
    • DC neopterin production was highly sensitive to IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, unlike monocytes/macrophages.
    • Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) enhanced neopterin synthesis.
    • IFN-gamma and LPS induced IDO activity in DC, leading to tryptophan degradation.

    Conclusions:

    • Monocyte-derived DC are a source of neopterin.
    • DC exhibit distinct cytokine sensitivity profiles for neopterin production compared to monocytes/macrophages.
    • DC stimulated with IFN-gamma or LPS induce IDO, suggesting a role in immune regulation via tryptophan metabolism.