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Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in infertile women.

Kris Poppe1, Daniel Glinoer, Andre Van Steirteghem

  • 1Departments of Endocrinology, and Reproductive Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. hemopek@az.vub.ac.be

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|December 20, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Infertility in women is linked to a higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), particularly in cases of female infertility and endometriosis. Thyroid autoimmunity increases the risk of thyroid dysfunction in infertile women.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a common endocrine disorder.
  • The relationship between AITD and infertility requires further investigation.
  • Thyroid dysfunction can impact reproductive health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of AITD in infertile women compared to healthy controls.
  • To investigate alterations in thyroid function among infertile women.
  • To explore the association between specific causes of infertility and AITD.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 438 infertile women and 100 healthy controls.
  • Assessment of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) levels.
  • Measurement of thyrotropin (TSH) levels.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Categorization of infertility causes (female, male, idiopathic).

    • Main Results:

    • Higher median TSH levels were observed in infertile women compared to controls.
    • A significantly higher prevalence of positive TPO-Ab was found in women with female-origin infertility (18%) versus controls (8%).
    • The highest TPO-Ab prevalence (29%) was noted in women with endometriosis.
    • Thyroid autoimmunity was associated with increased frequency of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

    Conclusions:

    • Infertile women exhibit a significantly higher prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity compared to fertile controls.
    • Endometriosis is strongly associated with increased thyroid autoimmunity in infertile women.
    • Screening for AITD may be beneficial in infertile women, especially those with endometriosis.