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Related Experiment Videos

The hydrogen bond in the solid state.

Thomas Steiner1

  • 1Institut für Chemie-Kristallographie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, Germany. steiner@chemie.fu-berlin.de

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|December 20, 2002
PubMed
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Hydrogen bonds are crucial directional intermolecular interactions influencing molecular structure and function across chemistry and biology. Modern research reveals their broad nature, continuous transitions with other interactions, and connection to proton transfer reactions.

Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Interactions

Background:

  • Hydrogen bonds are fundamental directional intermolecular forces.
  • They play a critical role in molecular conformation, aggregation, and the function of diverse chemical and biological systems.
  • Research in this area experienced a resurgence around 1990 and has rapidly advanced since.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive survey of hydrogen bond phenomena.
  • To elucidate the broad nature and diverse types of hydrogen bonds.
  • To explore the continuous transitions between hydrogen bonds and other interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and modern concepts on hydrogen bonding.
  • Analysis of the characteristics and properties of various X-H.A hydrogen bonds.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of the energetic and electronic contributions to hydrogen bond strength.

    • Main Results:

    • Hydrogen bonds are understood as a broad phenomenon with open borders to other effects.
    • Dozens of common X-H.A hydrogen bond types exist, with dissociation energies varying widely (0.2-40 kcal mol(-1)).
    • The electrostatic, covalent, and dispersion contributions to hydrogen bonds vary, and they exhibit continuous transitions with covalent, van der Waals, ionic, and cation-pi interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • Hydrogen bonds are a versatile interaction with a spectrum of properties.
    • All hydrogen bonds can be viewed as incipient proton transfer reactions, with strong bonds showing advanced proton transfer.
    • This review offers a coherent overview of the multifaceted nature of hydrogen bonds.