[Synthesis of nitric oxide and development of atherosclerosis]

The paper reviews data on the possible role of malfunction of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The singularities of NO synthesis, types of enzymes catalyzing this reaction (a set of NO-synthases), and some possible aspects of regulation of their activity are briefly surveyed. Available data concerning effect of derangements of NO synthesis on development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis are discussed. Possible mechanisms of abnormalities of NO synthesis caused by the influence of atherogenic risk factors (hypercholesterolemia, oxidized LDL, diabetes, inflammation etc.) as well as probable clinical consequences of these abnormalities are presented. Genetic aspects of NO synthesis are considered and probable role of NO-synthase genes in inheritance of predisposition to the majority of cardiovascular diseases is stressed. A conclusion is made that available knowledge is not sufficient for unequivocal formulation of the role of NO in development of atherosclerosis, that further studies are necessary.