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Optimizing smoking cessation outcomes among the methadone maintained.

Dominick L Frosch1, Deborah Nahom, Steve Shoptaw

  • 1SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. dfrosch@ucsd.edu

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
|December 24, 2002
PubMed
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Smoking cessation is achievable for individuals in methadone maintenance treatment. Factors like lower nicotine dependence and older age predict success, while higher opiate use and early smoking predict failure.

Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Therapy

Background:

  • High interest in smoking cessation exists among heroin users undergoing methadone maintenance treatment.
  • Effective intervention strategies for this population remain understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictors of smoking cessation in methadone-maintained individuals.
  • To analyze data from a controlled trial of behavioral therapy and nicotine replacement therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Logistic regression analysis was employed.
  • Data were analyzed from a large controlled trial.
  • Predictors examined included nicotine dependence (Fägerstrom Test), age, opiate use, nicotine patch usage, and smoking during early intervention weeks.

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Main Results:

  • Lower nicotine dependence and older age were associated with increased odds of tobacco cessation.
  • Higher opiate use, fewer nicotine patches used, and smoking during weeks 2-3 of treatment predicted poorer cessation outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Age and nicotine dependence levels are key factors influencing smoking cessation success in this population.
  • Intervention strategies should consider opiate use and early smoking behavior for improved outcomes.