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Association between endometritis and urocystitis in culled sows
1Large Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1400 Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary. ibiksi@univet.hu
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
|December 25, 2002
Summary
This study evaluated diagnostic methods for sow urogenital tract infections, finding low sensitivity for macroscopic and bacteriological exams in diagnosing endometritis and urocystitis. Urocystitis significantly increases the odds of concurrent endometritis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Animal Reproduction
- Pathology
Background:
- Reproductive failure is a significant economic issue in swine production.
- Urogenital tract infections, including endometritis and urocystitis, contribute to reproductive losses in sows.
- Accurate diagnosis of these conditions is crucial for herd management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence of urogenital tract lesions in culled sows.
- To determine the sensitivity and specificity of macroscopic and bacteriological examinations for diagnosing endometritis and urocystitis.
- To assess the association between endometritis and urocystitis.
Main Methods:
- Slaughterhouse-based examination of urogenital tracts from 499 sows and gilts over 6 years.
- Histopathology served as the gold standard for diagnosing urocystitis and endometritis.
- Macroscopic and bacteriological examination results were compared against histopathology.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of lesions was comparable to previous studies.
- Sensitivity of macroscopic examination for endometritis and urocystitis was ≤18.1% and ≤47.9%, respectively.
- Sensitivity of bacteriology for endometritis and urocystitis was ≤31.8% and ≤63.0%, respectively.
- Urocystitis was confirmed as a risk factor for endometritis, increasing odds by 3.5 times, independent of parity.
Conclusions:
- Macroscopic and bacteriological methods exhibit limited sensitivity for diagnosing urocystitis and endometritis in sows.
- A significant positive association exists between urocystitis and endometritis, highlighting the need for integrated diagnostic approaches.