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Depleted uranium particles in selected Kosovo samples.

P R Danesi1, A Markowicz, E Chinea-Cano

  • 1International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), PCI, Seibersdorf Laboratories, IAEA, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. Danesi@iaea.org

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
|December 26, 2002
PubMed
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Investigating depleted uranium (DU) in Kosovo soil revealed high concentrations of tiny DU particles, many under 1.5 micrometers. This research is crucial for understanding potential environmental and health risks from DU contamination.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Depleted uranium (DU) ammunition use in the 1999 Balkan conflict raises concerns about soil contamination.
  • Understanding the characteristics of DU particles is essential for assessing environmental and health impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of SIMS, micro-XRF, and SEM-EDXRF in detecting and characterizing DU particles in contaminated soil.
  • To determine the size distribution and isotopic ratios of DU particles in Kosovo soil samples.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) for isotopic analysis.
  • Micro-beam X-ray Fluorescence (micro-XRF) for elemental mapping.
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (SEM-EDXRF) for particle morphology and elemental composition.

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Main Results:

  • Identified "hotspots" with potentially hundreds of thousands of DU particles per milligram of soil.
  • Determined that the majority of DU particles were smaller than 5 micrometers in diameter.
  • Found that over 50% of DU particles had a diameter less than 1.5 micrometers.

Conclusions:

  • SIMS, micro-XRF, and SEM-EDXRF are suitable techniques for identifying and characterizing DU particles in soil.
  • The prevalence of fine DU particles (<1.5 micrometers) highlights concerns regarding potential re-suspension and inhalation risks.
  • Further research is needed to extrapolate findings to broader geographical areas affected by DU contamination.