The science of bone cement: a historical review

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Frank R DiMaio1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA.

Orthopedics
|December 28, 2002
PubMed

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The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create ettringite,...
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