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Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3
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Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

Published on: December 28, 2010

Travel and the spread of HIV-1 genetic variants

Luc Perrin1, Laurent Kaiser, Sabine Yerly

  • 1Laboratory of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Geneva, Switzerland. luc.perrin@hcuge.ch

The Lancet. Infectious Diseases
|December 31, 2002
PubMed

Insights

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pandemic is driven by the M group, which has diversified into subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). Global travel and migration are increasing HIV-1 genetic diversity worldwide, impacting diagnostics and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exists in three groups: M, O, and N, with the M group driving the global pandemic.
  • The M group is further classified into 11 subtypes, and recombination between these has led to the emergence of circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) with mosaic genetic lineages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the distribution and evolution of HIV-1 genetic diversity globally.
  • To understand the factors contributing to the spread of various HIV-1 subtypes and CRFs.
  • To highlight the implications of increasing HIV-1 genetic diversity for public health.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing epidemiological and genetic data on HIV-1.
  • Analysis of subtype and CRF distribution across different geographical regions.
  • Identification of factors influencing viral spread and diversification.

Main Results:

  • Africa harbors the most extensive HIV-1 diversity, including most subtypes and CRFs, reflecting its origin.
  • Western countries, initially dominated by subtype B, now show a rise in non-B subtypes and CRFs.
  • Global travel, migration, and civil unrest are significant drivers of HIV-1 genetic diversity spread.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-1 genetic diversity is increasing globally due to factors like travel and migration.
  • The spread of diverse HIV-1 variants poses challenges for the development of effective diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines.
  • Understanding HIV-1 evolution is crucial for effective pandemic control.

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