Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 28, 2026

A Murine Pancreatic Islet Cell-based Screening for Diabetogenic Environmental Chemicals
07:39

A Murine Pancreatic Islet Cell-based Screening for Diabetogenic Environmental Chemicals

Published on: June 25, 2018

Parameters of oxidative stress in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and their relatives

Jana Varvarovská1, Jaroslav Racek, Frantisek Stozický

  • 1Pediatric Clinic, Charles University Hospital, E. Benese 13, 305 99, Plzen, Czech Republic. varvarovska@fnplzen.cz

Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
|December 31, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic children show decreased antioxidant protection and increased oxidative stress markers. Siblings exhibit a similar tendency, suggesting a need to reduce oxidative stress to potentially delay Type 1 diabetes onset.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • Assessing OS parameters in diabetic children and their relatives is crucial for understanding disease progression and susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare oxidative stress parameters in children with Type 1 DM and their first-degree relatives.
  • To evaluate antioxidant status and free radical production in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Examined 50 diabetic children, 32 siblings, and 65 parents.
  • Included healthy children and adult volunteers as controls.
  • Measured oxidative stress markers: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), plasma antioxidant capacity (AOC), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Type 1 DM-associated antibodies (ICA, GADA).

Main Results:

  • Diabetic children had significantly lower GSHPx and AOC, and increased MDA compared to healthy controls.
  • Siblings showed similar trends in OS parameters, though not statistically significant.
  • Evidence of decreased antioxidative protection and increased free radical (FR) overproduction in diabetic children.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic children exhibit compromised antioxidant defenses and elevated oxidative stress.
  • A similar, albeit non-significant, tendency exists in their siblings.
  • Interventions to reduce OS may be beneficial for diabetic children and potentially delay disease onset in susceptible relatives.

More Related Videos

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors09:33

Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors

Published on: February 7, 2018

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle09:40

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: January 19, 2017

Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...